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 | Aeronautica | Comunicatii | Constructii | Electronica | Navigatie | Pompieri |
| Tehnica mecanica |
Sa se proiecteze un m.a.c. cu injectie directa pentru autoturism cu urmatoarele caracteristici:
|
Puterea nominala |
Pn=58 KW |
|
Turatia puterii nominale |
nn=4300 rot/min |
|
Numarul cilindrilor |
i=4 |
CALCULUL TERMIC
2.1 Determinarea parametrilor initiali
|
Puterea nominala |
Pn=58[KW] |
|
Turatia nominala |
nn=4300[rot/min] |
|
Numar de cilindri |
i=4 |
|
Presiunea initiala de aer |
P0=1,02∙105[N/m2] |
|
Temperatura initiala de aer |
T0=293[K] |
|
Presiunea gazelor reziduale |
Pr=1,1∙105=[N/m2] |
|
Temperatura gazelor reziduale |
Tr=900˚C |
|
Coeficientul de exces de aer |
λ=1,6 |
|
Raportul de comprimare |
ε=18 |
2.2 Parametrii procesului de schimbare a gazelor
|
Presiunea la sfarsitul admisiei |
pa=0.86 105[N/m2] |
|
Preancalzirea amestecului |
ΔT=15˚C |
|
Coeficientul de postumplere |
νp=1.14 |
Coeficientul gazelor reziduale:
gr=
Temperatura la sfarsitul admisiei:
Coeficientul de umplere:
2.3 Parametrii procesului de comprimare
Exponentul politropic de comprimare n1=1,35
Presiunea la sfarsitul comprimarii 
N/mm2
Temperatura de comprimare 
K
2.4 Parametrii procesului de ardere
Compozitia unui kilogram de motorina: c=0.875 kg
h=0.133 kg
o=0.010 kg
Puterea calorica inferioara Qi=41868Kj/kg
Coeficientul de utilizare a caldurii x=0.8
Coeficientul de crestere a
presiunii
Aerul minim necesar arderii
Aerul real necesar arderii
Coeficientul teoretic de variatie molara a incarcaturii proaspete
1.13
Coeficientul real de variatie molara a incarcaturii proaspete
1,12
Caldura specifica molara medie a amestecului initial
36 KJ/kmol K
Caldura
specifica molara medie a gazelor de ardere pentru 
este:
0.004Tz KJ/Kmol K
Temperatura la sfarsitul arderii
TTz=3425.2
K
Presiunea la sfarsitul arderii
6385500 N/mm2
Gradul de destindere prealabil:
2.91
2.5 Parametrii procesului de destindere
Exponentul politropic de destindere
h2=1,25
Gradul de destindere va fi:
6.18
Presiunea la sfarsitul arderii
6556006 N/m2
Temperatura la sfarsitul destinderii
2172 K
2.6 Parametrii principali ai motorului
Coeficientul de rotunjire al diagramei
mr=0.96
Randamentul mecanic
hm=0,8
Presiunea medie a ciclului teoretic
1,016 106 N/m2
9,749 105 N/m2
Randamentul indicat al motorului
0,315
Presiunea medie efectiva
7,799 105 N/m2
Randamentul efectiv al motorului
0,252
Consumul specific efectiv de combustibil
328 g/kWh
2.7 Dimensiuni fundamentale ale motorului
Se adopta raportul cursa-alezaj Ф=S/D=0.9
Capacitatea cilindrica necesara
0,712 l
Alezajul si cursa pistonului
101 mm
S=ФD=91 mm
Viteza medie a pistonului
16,424 m/s
Cilindreea totala a motorului
2,849 l
Puterea litrica a motorului
35,096 kW/l
2.1 Diagrama indicata
|
Vx(l) |
pcompresie |
pevacuare |
|
|
0,04 |
4,536E+06 |
1,79E+07 |
|
|
0,05 |
3,363E+06 |
1,36E+07 |
|
|
0,06 |
2,634E+06 |
1,08E+07 |
|
|
0,07 |
2,143E+06 |
8,90E+06 |
|
|
0,08 |
1,792E+06 |
7,53E+06 |
|
|
0,09 |
1,530E+06 |
6,50E+06 |
|
|
0,10 |
1,329E+06 |
5,70E+06 |
|
|
0,11 |
1,169E+06 |
5,06E+06 |
|
|
0,12 |
1,041E+06 |
4,54E+06 |
|
|
0,13 |
9,348E+05 |
4,11E+06 |
|
|
0,14 |
8,464E+05 |
3,74E+06 |
|
|
0,15 |
7,717E+05 |
3,43E+06 |
|
|
0,16 |
7,077E+05 |
3,17E+06 |
|
|
0,17 |
6,525E+05 |
2,94E+06 |
|
|
0,18 |
6,044E+05 |
2,73E+06 |
|
|
0,19 |
5,622E+05 |
2,56E+06 |
|
|
0,20 |
5,248E+05 |
2,40E+06 |
|
|
0,21 |
4,916E+05 |
2,25E+06 |
|
|
0,22 |
4,619E+05 |
2,13E+06 |
|
|
0,23 |
4,352E+05 |
2,01E+06 |
|
|
0,24 |
4,111E+05 |
1,91E+06 |
|
|
0,25 |
3,892E+05 |
1,81E+06 |
|
|
0,26 |
3,693E+05 |
1,73E+06 |
|
|
0,27 |
3,510E+05 |
1,65E+06 |
|
|
0,28 |
3,343E+05 |
1,57E+06 |
|
|
0,29 |
3,190E+05 |
1,51E+06 |
|
|
0,30 |
3,048E+05 |
1,44E+06 |
|
|
0,31 |
2,917E+05 |
1,39E+06 |
|
|
0,32 |
2,796E+05 |
1,33E+06 |
|
|
0,33 |
2,683E+05 |
1,28E+06 |
|
|
0,34 |
2,578E+05 |
1,23E+06 |
|
2.2 Caracteristica externa
Puterea efectiva
unde a1=1 a2=1 a3 = -1
Momentul efectiv
Consumul specific de combustibil
unde a1'=1,55 a2'=1,55 a3'=1
Consumul orar
|
n |
P |
M |
ci |
C |
|
rot/min |
KW |
Nm |
g/KWh |
Kg/h |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
800 |
31,881 |
380,585 |
308,949 |
9,850 |
|
900 |
36,300 |
385,183 |
303,264 |
11,008 |
|
1000 |
40,741 |
389,074 |
298,133 |
12,146 |
|
1100 |
45,181 |
392,257 |
293,557 |
13,263 |
|
1200 |
49,600 |
394,733 |
289,536 |
14,361 |
|
1300 |
53,974 |
396,502 |
286,069 |
15,440 |
|
1400 |
58,281 |
397,563 |
283,157 |
16,503 |
|
1500 |
62,500 |
397,917 |
280,800 |
17,550 |
|
1600 |
66,607 |
397,563 |
278,997 |
18,583 |
|
1700 |
70,581 |
396,502 |
277,749 |
19,604 |
|
1800 |
74,400 |
394,733 |
277,056 |
20,613 |
|
1900 |
78,041 |
392,257 |
276,917 |
21,611 |
|
2000 |
81,481 |
389,074 |
277,333 |
22,598 |
|
2100 |
84,700 |
385,183 |
278,304 |
23,572 |
|
2200 |
87,674 |
380,585 |
279,829 |
24,534 |
|
2300 |
90,381 |
375,280 |
281,909 |
25,479 |
|
2400 |
92,800 |
369,267 |
284,544 |
26,406 |
|
2500 |
94,907 |
362,546 |
287,733 |
27,308 |
|
2600 |
96,681 |
355,119 |
291,477 |
28,180 |
|
2700 |
98,100 |
346,983 |
295,776 |
29,016 |
|
2800 |
99,141 |
338,141 |
300,629 |
29,805 |
|
2900 |
99,781 |
328,591 |
306,037 |
30,537 |
|
3000 |
100,000 |
318,333 |
312,000 |
31,200 |
|
3100 |
99,774 |
307,369 |
318,517 |
31,780 |
|
3200 |
99,081 |
295,696 |
325,589 |
32,260 |
|
3300 |
97,900 |
283,317 |
333,216 |
32,622 |
|
3400 |
96,207 |
270,230 |
341,397 |
32,845 |
|
3500 |
93,981 |
256,435 |
350,133 |
32,906 |
|
3600 |
91,200 |
241,933 |
359,424 |
32,779 |
|
3700 |
87,841 |
226,724 |
369,269 |
32,437 |
|
3800 |
83,881 |
210,807 |
379,669 |
31,847 |
|
3900 |
79,300 |
194,183 |
390,624 |
30,976 |
|
4000 |
74,074 |
176,852 |
402,133 |
29,788 |
|
4100 |
68,181 |
158,813 |
414,197 |
28,241 |
|
4200 |
61,600 |
140,067 |
426,816 |
26,292 |
|
4300 |
54,307 |
120,613 |
439,989 |
23,895 |
|
4400 |
46,281 |
100,452 |
453,717 |
20,999 |
|
4500 |
37,500 |
79,583 |
468,000 |
17,550 |
|
4600 |
27,941 |
58,007 |
482,837 |
13,491 |
|
4700 |
17,581 |
35,724 |
498,229 |
8,760 |
|
4800 |
6,400 |
12,733 |
514,176 |
3,291 |
|
4900 |
-5,626 |
-10,965 |
530,677 |
-2,986 |
|
5000 |
-18,519 |
-35,370 |
547,733 |
-10,143 |
|
5100 |
-32,300 |
-60,483 |
565,344 |
-18,261 |
|
5200 |
-46,993 |
-86,304 |
583,509 |
-27,421 |
|
5300 |
-62,619 |
-112,831 |
602,229 |
-37,711 |
|
5400 |
-79,200 |
-140,067 |
621,504 |
-49,223 |
|
5500 |
-96,759 |
-168,009 |
641,333 |
-62,055 |
|
5600 |
-115,319 |
-196,659 |
661,717 |
-76,308 |
|
5700 |
-134,900 |
-226,017 |
682,656 |
-92,090 |
|
5800 |
-155,526 |
-256,081 |
704,149 |
-109,513 |
|
5900 |
-177,219 |
-286,854 |
726,197 |
-128,696 |
|
6000 |
-200,000 |
-318,333 |
748,800 |
-149,760 |
|
6100 |
-223,893 |
-350,520 |
771,957 |
-172,836 |
|
6200 |
-248,919 |
-383,415 |
795,669 |
-198,057 |
|
6300 |
-275,100 |
-417,017 |
819,936 |
-225,564 |
|
6400 |
-302,459 |
-451,326 |
844,757 |
-255,505 |
3 CALCULUL CINEMATIC SI DINAMIC
2.1 Cinematica mecanismului motor
Deplasarea pistonului
xp masurat de la PMS
S=91 mm
lb=0,2788 mm
Viteza pistonului
unde 
Acceleratia pistonului
|
a |
xp |
vp |
ap |
|
RAC |
mm |
m/s |
m/s2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
0,000 |
0,000 |
18595 |
|
10 |
0,882 |
5,691 |
18130 |
|
20 |
3,484 |
11,099 |
16771 |
|
30 |
7,677 |
15,962 |
14623 |
|
40 |
13,258 |
20,061 |
11848 |
|
50 |
19,965 |
23,232 |
8650 |
|
60 |
27,493 |
25,380 |
5252 |
|
70 |
35,523 |
26,477 |
1878 |
|
80 |
43,733 |
26,562 |
-1274 |
|
90 |
51,825 |
25,730 |
-4045 |
|
100 |
59,535 |
24,116 |
-6327 |
|
110 |
66,647 |
21,879 |
-8075 |
|
120 |
72,993 |
19,185 |
-9297 |
|
130 |
78,458 |
16,188 |
-10055 |
|
140 |
82,968 |
13,017 |
-10443 |
|
150 |
86,485 |
9,768 |
-10578 |
|
160 |
88,996 |
6,501 |
-10574 |
|
170 |
90,499 |
3,245 |
-10528 |
|
180 |
91,000 |
0,000 |
-10505 |
|
190 |
90,499 |
-3,245 |
-10528 |
|
200 |
88,996 |
-6,501 |
-10574 |
|
210 |
86,485 |
-9,768 |
-10578 |
|
220 |
82,968 |
-13,017 |
-10443 |
|
230 |
78,458 |
-16,188 |
-10055 |
|
240 |
72,993 |
-19,185 |
-9297 |
|
250 |
66,647 |
-21,879 |
-8075 |
|
260 |
59,535 |
-24,116 |
-6327 |
|
270 |
51,825 |
-25,730 |
-4045 |
|
280 |
43,733 |
-26,562 |
-1274 |
|
290 |
35,523 |
-26,477 |
1878 |
|
300 |
27,493 |
-25,380 |
5252 |
|
310 |
19,965 |
-23,232 |
8650 |
|
320 |
13,258 |
-20,061 |
11848 |
|
330 |
7,677 |
-15,962 |
14623 |
|
340 |
3,484 |
-11,099 |
16771 |
|
350 |
0,882 |
-5,691 |
18130 |
|
360 |
0,000 |
0,000 |
18595 |
|
370 |
0,882 |
5,691 |
18130 |
|
380 |
3,484 |
11,099 |
16771 |
|
390 |
7,677 |
15,962 |
14623 |
|
400 |
13,258 |
20,061 |
11848 |
|
410 |
19,965 |
23,232 |
8650 |
|
420 |
27,493 |
25,380 |
5252 |
|
430 |
35,523 |
26,477 |
1878 |
|
440 |
43,733 |
26,562 |
-1274 |
|
450 |
51,825 |
25,730 |
-4045 |
|
460 |
59,535 |
24,116 |
-6327 |
|
470 |
66,647 |
21,879 |
-8075 |
|
480 |
72,993 |
19,185 |
-9297 |
|
490 |
78,458 |
16,188 |
-10055 |
|
500 |
82,968 |
13,017 |
-10443 |
|
510 |
86,485 |
9,768 |
-10578 |
|
520 |
88,996 |
6,501 |
-10574 |
|
530 |
90,499 |
3,245 |
-10528 |
|
540 |
91,000 |
0,000 |
-10505 |
|
550 |
90,499 |
-3,245 |
-10528 |
|
560 |
88,996 |
-6,501 |
-10574 |
|
570 |
86,485 |
-9,768 |
-10578 |
|
580 |
82,968 |
-13,017 |
-10443 |
|
590 |
78,458 |
-16,188 |
-10055 |
|
600 |
72,993 |
-19,185 |
-9297 |
|
610 |
66,647 |
-21,879 |
-8075 |
|
620 |
59,535 |
-24,116 |
-6327 |
|
630 |
51,825 |
-25,730 |
-4045 |
|
640 |
43,733 |
-26,562 |
-1274 |
|
650 |
35,523 |
-26,477 |
1878 |
|
660 |
27,493 |
-25,380 |
5252 |
|
670 |
19,965 |
-23,232 |
8650 |
|
680 |
13,258 |
-20,061 |
11848 |
|
690 |
7,677 |
-15,962 |
14623 |
|
700 |
3,484 |
-11,099 |
16771 |
|
710 |
0,882 |
-5,691 |
18130 |
|
720 |
0,000 |
0,000 |
18595 |
2.2 Dinamica mecanismului motor
Forta de presiune a gazelor
unde p este presiunea in cilindru
Fortele de inertie
b) Forta de inertie a maselor in moscare alternativa
F1=-(mp+mb)ap
unde mp este masa grupului piston mp=801 g
mb este masa bielei mb=961 g
m1b=0,275 mb=264 g
m1b este masa bielei cu miscare de translatie
c) Forta de inertie a maselor in miscare de rotatie
Fr=(mc+m2b) w2 s/2
unde mc =mm+2mbr este masa neechilibrata a unui cot a arborelui cotit
m2b este masa neechilibrata a bielei in miscare de rotatie
mm este masa fusului maneton
mbr este masa neechilibrata a bratului arborelui cotit redusa la axa fusului manetou
mc= 801 g
m2b=697 g
F este rezultanta fortelor de inertie si a celor de presiune
S este forta in lungul bielei
N este forta nominala la axa cilindrului
Z este forta pe directia manivelei arborelui cotit
T este forta perpendiculara pe directia manivelei arboralui cotit
M este momentul motor monocilindru (tabel)
tabel - Fortele rezultante din mecanismul motor
|
a |
pp |
fg |
Pg |
Pj |
P |
N |
S |
Z |
T |
M |
|
RAC |
[N/m^2] |
[N/m^2] |
[N] |
[N] |
[N] |
[N] |
[N] |
[N] |
[N] |
[Nm] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
115000 |
13000 |
104 |
-16763 |
-16659 |
0 |
-16659 |
-16659 |
0 |
0 |
|
10 |
112000 |
10000 |
80 |
-16344 |
-16264 |
-785 |
-16283 |
-15880 |
-3598 |
-164 |
|
20 |
102000 |
0 |
0 |
-15119 |
-15119 |
-1443 |
-15188 |
-13714 |
-6527 |
-297 |
|
30 |
90000 |
-12000 |
-96 |
-13183 |
-13279 |
-1862 |
-13409 |
-10569 |
-8253 |
-375 |
|
40 |
85000 |
-17000 |
-136 |
-10682 |
-10818 |
-1963 |
-10995 |
-7026 |
-8458 |
-385 |
|
50 |
80000 |
-22000 |
-176 |
-7800 |
-7976 |
-1737 |
-8163 |
-3796 |
-7226 |
-329 |
|
60 |
80000 |
-22000 |
-176 |
-4737 |
-4914 |
-1218 |
-5062 |
-1402 |
-4864 |
-221 |
|
70 |
80000 |
-22000 |
-176 |
-1695 |
-1872 |
-506 |
-1939 |
-165 |
-1932 |
-88 |
|
80 |
80000 |
-22000 |
-176 |
1146 |
970 |
276 |
1008 |
-103 |
1003 |
46 |
|
90 |
80000 |
-22000 |
-176 |
3644 |
3468 |
1003 |
3610 |
-1003 |
3468 |
158 |
|
100 |
80000 |
-22000 |
-176 |
5702 |
5526 |
1572 |
5745 |
-2507 |
5169 |
235 |
|
110 |
80000 |
-22000 |
-176 |
7278 |
7102 |
1920 |
7357 |
-4234 |
6017 |
274 |
|
120 |
80000 |
-22000 |
-176 |
8381 |
8205 |
2034 |
8453 |
-5864 |
6089 |
277 |
|
130 |
80000 |
-22000 |
-176 |
9065 |
8889 |
1936 |
9097 |
-7197 |
5565 |
253 |
|
140 |
80000 |
-22000 |
-176 |
9417 |
9240 |
1677 |
9391 |
-8156 |
4655 |
212 |
|
150 |
80000 |
-22000 |
-176 |
9539 |
9363 |
1313 |
9454 |
-8765 |
3544 |
161 |
|
160 |
80000 |
-22000 |
-176 |
9536 |
9360 |
893 |
9402 |
-9101 |
2362 |
107 |
|
170 |
80000 |
-22000 |
-176 |
9495 |
9319 |
450 |
9330 |
-9255 |
1175 |
53 |
|
180 |
80000 |
-22000 |
-176 |
9475 |
9298 |
0 |
9298 |
-9298 |
0 |
0 |
|
190 |
80050 |
-21950 |
-176 |
9495 |
9319 |
-450 |
9330 |
-9256 |
-1175 |
-53 |
|
200 |
81255 |
-20745 |
-166 |
9536 |
9370 |
-894 |
9412 |
-9111 |
-2364 |
-108 |
|
210 |
83979 |
-18021 |
-144 |
9539 |
9395 |
-1318 |
9487 |
-8795 |
-3556 |
-162 |
|
220 |
88074 |
-13926 |
-112 |
9417 |
9305 |
-1689 |
9457 |
-8214 |
-4688 |
-213 |
|
230 |
93865 |
-8135 |
-65 |
9065 |
9000 |
-1960 |
9211 |
-7287 |
-5635 |
-256 |
|
240 |
101837 |
-163 |
-1 |
8381 |
8380 |
-2077 |
8634 |
-5989 |
-6219 |
-283 |
|
250 |
112711 |
10711 |
86 |
7278 |
7364 |
-1991 |
7629 |
-4390 |
-6239 |
-284 |
|
260 |
127563 |
25563 |
205 |
5702 |
5907 |
-1680 |
6141 |
-2680 |
-5526 |
-251 |
|
270 |
148024 |
46024 |
369 |
3644 |
4013 |
-1160 |
4177 |
-1160 |
-4013 |
-183 |
|
280 |
176607 |
74607 |
598 |
1146 |
1744 |
-496 |
1813 |
-186 |
-1804 |
-82 |
|
290 |
217243 |
115243 |
923 |
-1695 |
-772 |
209 |
-800 |
-68 |
797 |
36 |
|
300 |
276114 |
174114 |
1395 |
-4737 |
-3342 |
828 |
-3443 |
-954 |
3309 |
151 |
|
310 |
362760 |
260760 |
2089 |
-7800 |
-5711 |
1244 |
-5844 |
-2718 |
5174 |
235 |
|
320 |
490732 |
388732 |
3114 |
-10682 |
-7568 |
1373 |
-7691 |
-4915 |
5917 |
269 |
|
330 |
674421 |
572421 |
4586 |
-13183 |
-8597 |
1206 |
-8681 |
-6842 |
5343 |
243 |
|
340 |
912383 |
810383 |
6493 |
-15119 |
-8626 |
823 |
-8666 |
-7825 |
3724 |
169 |
|
350 |
1821000 |
1719000 |
13772 |
-16344 |
-2571 |
124 |
-2574 |
-2511 |
569 |
26 |
|
360 |
3523500 |
3421500 |
27413 |
-16763 |
10650 |
0 |
10650 |
10650 |
0 |
0 |
|
370 |
5508108 |
5406108 |
43313 |
-16344 |
26969 |
1302 |
27001 |
26333 |
5966 |
271 |
|
380 |
4103643 |
4001643 |
32061 |
-15119 |
16942 |
1617 |
17018 |
15367 |
7314 |
333 |
|
390 |
3082362 |
2980362 |
23878 |
-13183 |
10695 |
1500 |
10800 |
8512 |
6647 |
302 |
|
400 |
2280971 |
2178971 |
17458 |
-10682 |
6775 |
1230 |
6886 |
4400 |
5297 |
241 |
|
410 |
1713379 |
1611379 |
12910 |
-7800 |
5110 |
1113 |
5230 |
2432 |
4630 |
211 |
|
420 |
1323147 |
1221147 |
9784 |
-4737 |
5046 |
1251 |
5199 |
1440 |
4996 |
227 |
|
430 |
1054358 |
952358 |
7630 |
-1695 |
5935 |
1605 |
6148 |
522 |
6126 |
279 |
|
440 |
866603 |
764603 |
6126 |
1146 |
7272 |
2068 |
7561 |
-774 |
7521 |
342 |
|
450 |
733179 |
631179 |
5057 |
3644 |
8701 |
2516 |
9057 |
-2516 |
8701 |
396 |
|
460 |
636837 |
534837 |
4285 |
5702 |
9987 |
2840 |
10383 |
-4532 |
9342 |
425 |
|
470 |
566396 |
464396 |
3721 |
7278 |
10999 |
2974 |
11394 |
-6557 |
9319 |
424 |
|
480 |
514514 |
412514 |
3305 |
8381 |
11686 |
2896 |
12040 |
-8352 |
8673 |
395 |
|
490 |
476292 |
374292 |
2999 |
9065 |
12064 |
2627 |
12347 |
-9767 |
7553 |
344 |
|
500 |
448419 |
346419 |
2775 |
9417 |
12192 |
2212 |
12391 |
-10762 |
6142 |
279 |
|
510 |
375000 |
273000 |
2187 |
9539 |
11726 |
1645 |
11841 |
-10978 |
4439 |
202 |
|
520 |
310000 |
208000 |
1666 |
9536 |
11202 |
1069 |
11253 |
-10893 |
2827 |
129 |
|
530 |
275000 |
173000 |
1386 |
9495 |
10881 |
525 |
10894 |
-10807 |
1372 |
62 |
|
540 |
234521 |
132521 |
1062 |
9475 |
10536 |
0 |
10536 |
-10536 |
0 |
0 |
|
550 |
225410 |
123410 |
989 |
9495 |
10484 |
-506 |
10496 |
-10412 |
-1322 |
-60 |
|
560 |
216320 |
114320 |
916 |
9536 |
10452 |
-998 |
10499 |
-10163 |
-2637 |
-120 |
|
570 |
209850 |
107850 |
864 |
9539 |
10403 |
-1459 |
10505 |
-9739 |
-3938 |
-179 |
|
580 |
201450 |
99450 |
797 |
9417 |
10213 |
-1853 |
10380 |
-9015 |
-5145 |
-234 |
|
590 |
170000 |
68000 |
545 |
9065 |
9610 |
-2093 |
9835 |
-7780 |
-6017 |
-274 |
|
600 |
145620 |
43620 |
349 |
8381 |
8731 |
-2164 |
8995 |
-6239 |
-6479 |
-295 |
|
610 |
123000 |
21000 |
168 |
7278 |
7447 |
-2014 |
7714 |
-4439 |
-6309 |
-287 |
|
620 |
118000 |
16000 |
128 |
5702 |
5831 |
-1658 |
6062 |
-2646 |
-5454 |
-248 |
|
630 |
115000 |
13000 |
104 |
3644 |
3748 |
-1084 |
3902 |
-1084 |
-3748 |
-171 |
|
640 |
115000 |
13000 |
104 |
1146 |
1250 |
-356 |
1300 |
-133 |
-1293 |
-59 |
|
650 |
115000 |
13000 |
104 |
-1695 |
-1591 |
430 |
-1648 |
-140 |
1642 |
75 |
|
660 |
115000 |
13000 |
104 |
-4737 |
-4633 |
1148 |
-4773 |
-1322 |
4587 |
209 |
|
670 |
115000 |
13000 |
104 |
-7800 |
-7696 |
1676 |
-7876 |
-3663 |
6972 |
317 |
|
680 |
115000 |
13000 |
104 |
-10682 |
-10578 |
1920 |
-10751 |
-6869 |
8270 |
376 |
|
690 |
115000 |
13000 |
104 |
-13183 |
-13079 |
1834 |
-13207 |
-10410 |
8128 |
370 |
|
700 |
115000 |
13000 |
104 |
-15119 |
-15015 |
1433 |
-15083 |
-13619 |
6482 |
295 |
|
710 |
115000 |
13000 |
104 |
-16344 |
-16240 |
784 |
-16258 |
-15857 |
3592 |
163 |
|
720 |
115000 |
13000 |
104 |
-16763 |
-8822 |
0 |
-8822 |
-8822 |
0 |
0 |
tabel- Momentul pe fiecare maneton
|
a |
M1 |
M2 |
M3 |
M4 |
Mr |
|
|
RAC] |
[Nm] |
[Nm] |
[Nm] |
[Nm] |
[Nm] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
10 |
-73 |
-27 |
122 |
-24 |
-3 |
|
|
20 |
-133 |
-54 |
149 |
-48 |
-86 |
|
|
30 |
-168 |
-80 |
136 |
-73 |
-186 |
|
|
40 |
-172 |
-105 |
108 |
-96 |
-265 |
|
|
50 |
-147 |
-123 |
94 |
-115 |
-290 |
|
|
60 |
-99 |
-132 |
102 |
-127 |
-256 |
|
|
70 |
-39 |
-129 |
125 |
-127 |
-170 |
|
|
80 |
20 |
-111 |
153 |
-113 |
-50 |
|
|
90 |
71 |
-76 |
177 |
-82 |
90 |
|
|
100 |
105 |
-26 |
190 |
-37 |
233 |
|
|
110 |
123 |
33 |
190 |
16 |
362 |
|
|
120 |
124 |
94 |
177 |
67 |
462 |
|
|
130 |
113 |
142 |
154 |
105 |
515 |
|
|
140 |
95 |
169 |
125 |
121 |
509 |
|
|
150 |
72 |
166 |
91 |
109 |
437 |
|
|
160 |
48 |
132 |
58 |
76 |
314 |
|
|
170 |
24 |
73 |
28 |
12 |
137 |
|
|
180 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
190 |
-24 |
-73 |
-27 |
122 |
-3 |
|
|
200 |
-48 |
-133 |
-54 |
149 |
-86 |
|
|
210 |
-73 |
-168 |
-80 |
136 |
-186 |
|
|
220 |
-96 |
-172 |
-105 |
108 |
-265 |
|
|
230 |
-115 |
-147 |
-123 |
94 |
-290 |
|
|
240 |
-127 |
-99 |
-132 |
102 |
-256 |
|
|
250 |
-127 |
-39 |
-129 |
125 |
-170 |
|
|
260 |
-113 |
20 |
-111 |
153 |
-50 |
|
|
270 |
-82 |
71 |
-76 |
177 |
90 |
|
|
280 |
-37 |
105 |
-26 |
190 |
233 |
|
|
290 |
16 |
123 |
33 |
190 |
362 |
|
|
300 |
67 |
124 |
94 |
177 |
462 |
|
|
310 |
105 |
113 |
142 |
154 |
515 |
|
|
320 |
121 |
95 |
169 |
125 |
509 |
|
|
330 |
109 |
72 |
166 |
91 |
437 |
|
|
340 |
76 |
48 |
132 |
58 |
314 |
|
|
350 |
12 |
24 |
73 |
28 |
137 |
|
|
360 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
370 |
122 |
-24 |
-73 |
-27 |
-3 |
|
|
380 |
149 |
-48 |
-133 |
-54 |
-86 |
|
|
390 |
136 |
-73 |
-168 |
-80 |
-186 |
|
|
400 |
108 |
-96 |
-172 |
-105 |
-265 |
|
|
410 |
94 |
-115 |
-147 |
-123 |
-290 |
|
|
420 |
102 |
-127 |
-99 |
-132 |
-256 |
|
|
430 |
125 |
-127 |
-39 |
-129 |
-170 |
|
|
440 |
153 |
-113 |
20 |
-111 |
-50 |
|
|
450 |
177 |
-82 |
71 |
-76 |
90 |
|
|
460 |
190 |
-37 |
105 |
-26 |
233 |
|
|
470 |
190 |
16 |
123 |
33 |
362 |
|
|
480 |
177 |
67 |
124 |
94 |
462 |
|
|
490 |
154 |
105 |
113 |
142 |
515 |
|
|
500 |
125 |
121 |
95 |
169 |
509 |
|
|
510 |
91 |
109 |
72 |
166 |
437 |
|
|
520 |
58 |
76 |
48 |
132 |
314 |
|
|
530 |
28 |
12 |
24 |
73 |
137 |
|
|
540 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
550 |
-27 |
122 |
-24 |
-73 |
-3 |
|
|
560 |
-54 |
149 |
-48 |
-133 |
-86 |
|
|
570 |
-80 |
136 |
-73 |
-168 |
-186 |
|
|
580 |
-105 |
108 |
-96 |
-172 |
-265 |
|
|
590 |
-123 |
94 |
-115 |
-147 |
-290 |
|
|
600 |
-132 |
102 |
-127 |
-99 |
-256 |
|
|
610 |
-129 |
125 |
-127 |
-39 |
-170 |
|
|
620 |
-111 |
153 |
-113 |
20 |
-50 |
|
|
630 |
-76 |
177 |
-82 |
71 |
90 |
|
|
640 |
-26 |
190 |
-37 |
105 |
233 |
|
|
650 |
33 |
190 |
16 |
123 |
362 |
|
|
660 |
94 |
177 |
67 |
124 |
462 |
|
|
670 |
142 |
154 |
105 |
113 |
515 |
|
|
680 |
169 |
125 |
121 |
95 |
509 |
|
|
690 |
166 |
91 |
109 |
72 |
437 |
|
|
700 |
132 |
58 |
76 |
48 |
314 |
|
|
710 |
73 |
28 |
12 |
24 |
137 |
|
|
720 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Momentul total al motorului
b) Unghiul de decalaj intre coturi
g=180
c) Ordinea de lucru
1-3-4-2
d) Schema de lucru a motorului
|
M (a |
Schema de lucru a motorului |
Cilindrul |
|||||||
|
M(720) |
admisie |
compresie |
deschidere |
evacuare |
1 |
||||
|
M(180) |
compresie |
deschidere |
evacuare |
admisie |
2 |
||||
|
M(540) |
evacuare |
admisie |
compresie |
deschidere |
3 |
||||
|
M(360) |
deschidere |
evacuare |
admisie |
compresie |
4 |
||||
|
a RAC |
180 |
360 |
540 |
720 |
|
||||
a) Momentul pe fiecare maneton si pe fiecare palier (tabel )
f) Momentul mediu al motorului
Mmed=197 Nm
g) Puterea indicata a motorului
Pi=127 kW
h) Puterea indicata obtinuta din calculul termic
Pi`=125 kW
i) Eroarea de putere
e =1,57% emax=5%
Fortele ce actioneaza asupra fusului maneton
b) Forta tangentiala T
c) Forta radiala R
d) Forta centrifugala ce actioneaza asupra manetonului Fcm=10141 N
e) Rezultanta fortelor ce actioneaza asupra manetonului Rm
f) Grad de soc pe fus maneton
|
a |
b |
F |
T |
Z |
Rm |
|
.RAC] |
.RAC] |
[N] |
[N] |
[N] |
[N] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
16,141 |
-16659 |
-7698,76 |
-16658,6 |
27884,099 |
|
10 |
16,708 |
-16264 |
30104,24 |
-135,61 |
31810,175 |
|
20 |
15,193 |
-15119 |
-10308,9 |
-13986,4 |
26238,011 |
|
30 |
17,172 |
-13279 |
-6028,23 |
-124701 |
134977,641 |
|
40 |
15,367 |
-10818 |
-10623,7 |
4352,092 |
12098,880 |
|
50 |
16,414 |
-7976 |
-4472,6 |
-9481,67 |
20126,555 |
|
60 |
16,458 |
-4914 |
5861,586 |
3283,118 |
9022,055 |
|
70 |
15,337 |
-1872 |
-987,122 |
-1748,98 |
11931,519 |
|
80 |
17,178 |
970 |
-2026,63 |
9459,69 |
2138,290 |
|
90 |
15,212 |
3468 |
3940,293 |
122,2891 |
10766,300 |
|
100 |
16,669 |
5526 |
4019,389 |
8768,639 |
4247,424 |
|
110 |
16,187 |
7102 |
-3998,79 |
-6931,98 |
17535,643 |
|
120 |
15,537 |
8205 |
3612,989 |
7501,242 |
4474,972 |
|
130 |
17,112 |
8889 |
-27614 |
45726,38 |
45042,277 |
|
140 |
15,123 |
9240 |
10268,49 |
4171,35 |
11877,975 |
|
150 |
16,887 |
9363 |
9132,702 |
22726,55 |
15549,476 |
|
160 |
15,913 |
9360 |
158,7951 |
-9557,82 |
19700,096 |
|
170 |
15,780 |
9319 |
3863,982 |
8506,816 |
4195,592 |
|
180 |
16,977 |
9298 |
-25308 |
18342,45 |
26603,518 |
|
190 |
15,105 |
9319 |
8873,05 |
7022,999 |
9405,154 |
|
200 |
17,052 |
9370 |
11615,01 |
40052,63 |
32087,004 |
|
210 |
15,655 |
9395 |
4837,985 |
-8068,84 |
18842,174 |
|
220 |
16,049 |
9305 |
4110,697 |
8976,888 |
4272,525 |
|
230 |
16,783 |
9000 |
-18662,1 |
3169,913 |
19921,827 |
|
240 |
15,159 |
8380 |
6253,034 |
7576,141 |
6758,860 |
|
250 |
17,154 |
7364 |
6989,38 |
58706,48 |
49065,213 |
|
260 |
15,431 |
5907 |
5262,844 |
-3165,41 |
14309,962 |
|
270 |
16,324 |
4013 |
2091,397 |
4450,501 |
6063,247 |
|
280 |
16,545 |
1744 |
-2459,15 |
-857,438 |
11270,629 |
|
290 |
15,282 |
-772 |
-441,284 |
-723,902 |
10874,495 |
|
300 |
17,184 |
-3342 |
4122,413 |
-35258 |
45586,432 |
|
310 |
15,257 |
-5711 |
-6311,76 |
647,1119 |
11401,068 |
|
320 |
16,587 |
-7568 |
-5018,37 |
-10751,8 |
21487,658 |
|
330 |
16,279 |
-8597 |
6609,288 |
7790,604 |
7014,987 |
|
340 |
15,465 |
-8626 |
-3985,66 |
-7943,54 |
18519,156 |
|
350 |
17,142 |
-2571 |
7755,012 |
-17153,2 |
28375,155 |
|
360 |
15,145 |
10650 |
12118,65 |
3422,657 |
13856,639 |
|
370 |
16,819 |
26969 |
23841,89 |
55906,75 |
51603,109 |
|
380 |
16,003 |
16942 |
-2864,75 |
-17474,2 |
27764,060 |
|
390 |
15,696 |
10695 |
4460,128 |
9721,583 |
4479,865 |
|
400 |
17,029 |
6775 |
-19702,4 |
19017,55 |
21609,415 |
|
410 |
15,103 |
5110 |
5187,473 |
3421,298 |
8489,572 |
|
420 |
17,004 |
5046 |
5878,875 |
17613,23 |
9507,146 |
|
430 |
15,738 |
5935 |
2138,986 |
-5538,76 |
15825,612 |
|
440 |
15,958 |
7272 |
3105,967 |
6831,952 |
4538,837 |
|
450 |
16,853 |
8701 |
-19972,8 |
6774,078 |
20254,716 |
|
460 |
15,133 |
9987 |
8133,994 |
8687,121 |
8263,018 |
|
470 |
17,128 |
10999 |
13130,58 |
71854,74 |
63094,524 |
|
480 |
15,501 |
11686 |
9135,765 |
-7691,17 |
20036,743 |
|
490 |
16,233 |
12064 |
5893,05 |
12634,05 |
6398,450 |
|
500 |
16,628 |
12192 |
-19869,2 |
-3278,75 |
23976,874 |
|
510 |
15,234 |
11726 |
7308,897 |
10968,71 |
7355,543 |
|
520 |
17,182 |
11202 |
-3484,99 |
116400,4 |
106315,929 |
|
530 |
15,309 |
10881 |
11465,54 |
-2833,5 |
17315,102 |
|
540 |
16,502 |
10536 |
6404,122 |
13598,87 |
7277,723 |
|
550 |
16,369 |
10484 |
-10264,3 |
-8436,66 |
21225,214 |
|
560 |
15,398 |
10452 |
5131,517 |
9701,395 |
5150,367 |
|
570 |
17,164 |
10403 |
-28053,6 |
86453,09 |
81304,645 |
|
580 |
15,175 |
10213 |
11712,98 |
1852,682 |
14349,238 |
|
590 |
16,746 |
9610 |
7697,267 |
17291,3 |
10505,502 |
|
600 |
16,095 |
8731 |
-3168,25 |
-8879,5 |
19283,191 |
|
610 |
15,614 |
7447 |
3168,352 |
6775,125 |
4622,970 |
|
620 |
17,074 |
5831 |
-17780,2 |
22466,37 |
21634,097 |
|
630 |
15,109 |
3748 |
4007,983 |
2129,833 |
8958,400 |
|
640 |
16,948 |
1250 |
1339,99 |
3611,476 |
6666,226 |
|
650 |
15,824 |
-1591 |
-308,473 |
1571,939 |
8575,248 |
|
660 |
15,868 |
-4633 |
-1936,9 |
-4274,66 |
14545,833 |
|
670 |
16,918 |
-7696 |
19344,14 |
-10074,7 |
27980,304 |
|
680 |
15,115 |
-10578 |
-9352,26 |
-8675,59 |
21013,153 |
|
690 |
17,094 |
-13079 |
-16558,1 |
-69082,8 |
80936,309 |
|
700 |
15,575 |
-15015 |
-9847,94 |
11509,77 |
9942,517 |
|
710 |
16,141 |
-16240 |
-7504,83 |
-16239,1 |
27427,434 |
|
720 |
16,708 |
-16659 |
30837,98 |
-142,403 |
32507,573 |
Fortele ce actioneaza asupra fusului palier
b) Fortele ce actioaneaza fusul palier pe directiile Z si T Z1-2 T1-2
c) Rezultanta fortelor ce actioneaza asupra palierului neglijand fortele centrifugale K
d) Rezultanta fortelor ce actioneaza asupra palierului luand in considerare fortele centrifugale Rp
|
a |
Z1 |
Z2 |
T1 |
T2 |
Z1-2 |
T1-2 |
K=Rp |
|
.RAC] |
[N] |
[N] |
[N] |
[N] |
[N] |
[N] |
[N] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
-20404 |
-16506 |
0 |
0 |
-1949 |
0 |
1949 |
|
10 |
-19991 |
-16483 |
-1905 |
-622 |
-1754 |
-641 |
1868 |
|
20 |
-18844 |
-16406 |
-3457 |
-1252 |
-1219 |
-1102 |
1643 |
|
30 |
-17179 |
-16239 |
-4370 |
-1883 |
-470 |
-1244 |
1329 |
|
40 |
-15302 |
-15931 |
-4479 |
-2483 |
315 |
-998 |
1047 |
|
50 |
-13592 |
-15440 |
-3827 |
-2984 |
924 |
-422 |
1016 |
|
60 |
-12324 |
-14753 |
-2576 |
-3293 |
1214 |
359 |
1266 |
|
70 |
-11669 |
-13906 |
-1023 |
-3304 |
1119 |
1141 |
1598 |
|
80 |
-11636 |
-13001 |
531 |
-2926 |
682 |
1729 |
1859 |
|
90 |
-12113 |
-12196 |
1836 |
-2125 |
42 |
1981 |
1981 |
|
100 |
-12909 |
-11680 |
2738 |
-955 |
-615 |
1846 |
1946 |
|
110 |
-13824 |
-11618 |
3186 |
422 |
-1103 |
1382 |
1768 |
|
120 |
-14687 |
-12087 |
3225 |
1752 |
-1300 |
736 |
1494 |
|
130 |
-15393 |
-13021 |
2947 |
2740 |
-1186 |
104 |
1190 |
|
140 |
-15901 |
-14184 |
2465 |
3133 |
-858 |
-334 |
921 |
|
150 |
-16223 |
-15205 |
1877 |
2829 |
-509 |
-476 |
697 |
|
160 |
-16401 |
-15725 |
1251 |
1972 |
-338 |
-361 |
494 |
|
170 |
-16483 |
-12911 |
622 |
301 |
-1786 |
161 |
1793 |
|
180 |
-16506 |
-5942 |
0 |
0 |
-5282 |
0 |
5282 |
|
190 |
-16483 |
2364 |
-622 |
3159 |
-9424 |
-1891 |
9611 |
|
200 |
-16406 |
-3444 |
-1252 |
3873 |
-6481 |
-2563 |
6970 |
|
210 |
-16239 |
-7074 |
-1883 |
3520 |
-4583 |
-2702 |
5320 |
|
220 |
-15931 |
-9252 |
-2483 |
2805 |
-3340 |
-2644 |
4260 |
|
230 |
-15440 |
-10293 |
-2984 |
2452 |
-2573 |
-2718 |
3743 |
|
240 |
-14753 |
-10819 |
-3293 |
2646 |
-1967 |
-2969 |
3562 |
|
250 |
-13906 |
-11305 |
-3304 |
3244 |
-1301 |
-3274 |
3523 |
|
260 |
-13001 |
-11992 |
-2926 |
3983 |
-505 |
-3455 |
3491 |
|
270 |
-12196 |
-12914 |
-2125 |
4608 |
359 |
-3366 |
3386 |
|
280 |
-11680 |
-13981 |
-955 |
4948 |
1151 |
-2951 |
3168 |
|
290 |
-11618 |
-15054 |
422 |
4935 |
1718 |
-2256 |
2836 |
|
300 |
-12087 |
-16004 |
1752 |
4593 |
1959 |
-1420 |
2420 |
|
310 |
-13021 |
-16754 |
2740 |
4000 |
1867 |
-630 |
1970 |
|
320 |
-14184 |
-17281 |
3133 |
3253 |
1548 |
-60 |
1549 |
|
330 |
-15205 |
-17395 |
2829 |
2351 |
1095 |
239 |
1121 |
|
340 |
-15725 |
-17350 |
1972 |
1497 |
812 |
238 |
846 |
|
350 |
-12911 |
-17305 |
301 |
727 |
2197 |
-213 |
2207 |
|
360 |
-5942 |
-17161 |
0 |
0 |
5610 |
0 |
5610 |
|
370 |
2364 |
-17096 |
3159 |
-700 |
9730 |
1930 |
9919 |
|
380 |
-3444 |
-16964 |
3873 |
-1397 |
6760 |
2635 |
7255 |
|
390 |
-7074 |
-16739 |
3520 |
-2085 |
4833 |
2803 |
5587 |
|
400 |
-9252 |
-16356 |
2805 |
-2725 |
3552 |
2765 |
4501 |
|
410 |
-10293 |
-15702 |
2452 |
-3186 |
2704 |
2819 |
3906 |
|
420 |
-10819 |
-14886 |
2646 |
-3431 |
2033 |
3038 |
3656 |
|
430 |
-11305 |
-13932 |
3244 |
-3341 |
1314 |
3293 |
3545 |
|
440 |
-11992 |
-12983 |
3983 |
-2888 |
496 |
3436 |
3471 |
|
450 |
-12914 |
-12156 |
4608 |
-1985 |
-379 |
3296 |
3318 |
|
460 |
-13981 |
-11652 |
4948 |
-685 |
-1165 |
2816 |
3048 |
|
470 |
-15054 |
-11656 |
4935 |
870 |
-1699 |
2033 |
2649 |
|
480 |
-16004 |
-12282 |
4593 |
2429 |
-1861 |
1082 |
2153 |
|
490 |
-16754 |
-13521 |
4000 |
3692 |
-1616 |
154 |
1624 |
|
500 |
-17281 |
-15220 |
3253 |
4380 |
-1031 |
-563 |
1175 |
|
510 |
-17395 |
-17094 |
2351 |
4304 |
-150 |
-977 |
988 |
|
520 |
-17350 |
-18794 |
1497 |
3433 |
722 |
-968 |
1207 |
|
530 |
-17305 |
-19979 |
727 |
1902 |
1337 |
-588 |
1461 |
|
540 |
-17161 |
-20404 |
0 |
0 |
1621 |
0 |
1621 |
|
550 |
-17096 |
-20404 |
-700 |
-1905 |
1654 |
603 |
1760 |
|
560 |
-16964 |
-19991 |
-1397 |
-3457 |
1514 |
1030 |
1831 |
|
570 |
-16739 |
-18844 |
-2085 |
-4370 |
1053 |
1142 |
1553 |
|
580 |
-16356 |
-17179 |
-2725 |
-4479 |
411 |
877 |
969 |
|
590 |
-15702 |
-15302 |
-3186 |
-3827 |
-200 |
320 |
378 |
|
600 |
-14886 |
-13592 |
-3431 |
-2576 |
-647 |
-428 |
775 |
|
610 |
-13932 |
-12324 |
-3341 |
-1023 |
-804 |
-1159 |
1411 |
|
620 |
-12983 |
-11669 |
-2888 |
531 |
-657 |
-1710 |
1832 |
|
630 |
-12156 |
-11636 |
-1985 |
1836 |
-260 |
-1911 |
1928 |
|
640 |
-11652 |
-12113 |
-685 |
2738 |
230 |
-1711 |
1727 |
|
650 |
-11656 |
-12909 |
870 |
3186 |
627 |
-1158 |
1317 |
|
660 |
-12282 |
-13824 |
2429 |
3225 |
771 |
-398 |
868 |
|
670 |
-13521 |
-14687 |
3692 |
2947 |
583 |
373 |
692 |
|
680 |
-15220 |
-15393 |
4380 |
2465 |
87 |
957 |
961 |
|
690 |
-17094 |
-15901 |
4304 |
1877 |
-597 |
1214 |
1352 |
|
700 |
-18794 |
-16223 |
3433 |
1251 |
-1285 |
1091 |
1686 |
|
710 |
-19979 |
-16401 |
1902 |
622 |
-1789 |
640 |
1900 |
|
720 |
-20404 |
-9406 |
0 |
0 |
-5499 |
0 |
5499 |
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